The pineal gland responds by switching off production of the hormone melatonin, and this makes you feel more awake. These signals travel along the optic nerve to the SCN which in turn stimulates several brain regions, including the pineal gland. When light enters your eye, it activates neurons in the retina that convert photons (light particles) to electrical signals. Your circadian rhythms, the routine changes in your behavioral, mental and physical functions that occur over the course of a day, are regulated by a tiny area of the brain commonly known as your 'biological clock.' The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN ) is shaped like a pine cone, but is about the size of a grain of rice, though it contains about 20,000 neurons. You love to say you're a night owl, yet your body is telling a very different story.
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